Which type of Instrument Departure Procedure is a preplanned ATC departure procedure?

The correct choice refers to Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs), which are preplanned procedures established by air traffic control to provide an efficient and standardized method for aircraft to depart from an airport. SIDs help manage air traffic by defining specific routes and altitudes that aircraft should follow after takeoff. This organization reduces the likelihood of conflicts with other aircraft and enhances safety by ensuring that departures are conducted in a controlled manner.

SIDs are designed to simplify the communications between pilots and air traffic controllers, allowing for more streamlined departures. They take into consideration various factors, such as airspace structure, noise abatement procedures, and obstacle avoidance, and are published in official navigation charts.

While Obstacle Departure Procedures (ODPs) also assist in ensuring safe departure routes, they are more focused on avoiding obstacles in relation to an individual runway and may not be as standardized across different airports as SIDs. Visual Departure Procedures (VDPs) are typically used under visual flight rules and are not standardized ATC procedures, while Flight Management Procedures (FMPs) relate more to the management of flight operations rather than a specific departure procedure.