Which line divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

The line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is the Equator. The Equator is an imaginary line encircling the Earth at a latitude of 0 degrees, creating a clear distinction between the two hemispheres. This division is significant for geographical and climatic reasons, as it helps in understanding climate zones, seasons, and even the behavior of weather patterns.

The Prime Meridian and the Greenwich Meridian are related to the longitudinal division of the Earth and deal with the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. The International Date Line is primarily associated with time zones and does not serve as a geographic divider in the same way that the Equator does. Thus, while these other options are important in the context of Earth's geography, they do not provide the critical distinction between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres that the Equator does.