What term describes a procedure that only provides lateral guidance during approach?

The term that describes a procedure providing only lateral guidance during an approach is known as a non-precision approach. In aviation, non-precision approaches are characterized by their reliance primarily on lateral navigation aids, such as VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range) or NDB (Non-Directional Beacon), rather than providing vertical guidance. This means that while the pilot can follow a defined lateral path to the runway, they must manage their descent to a decision altitude based on visual cues, timing, or other non-precision methods.

In contrast, precision approaches utilize advanced instrumentation to provide both lateral and vertical guidance, allowing for a more exact approach path and improved safety, particularly in adverse weather conditions. Vertical approach guidance refers specifically to systems that aid in determining altitude, rather than just lateral alignment. The term standard approach does not specifically pertain to the capabilities of lateral versus vertical guidance and is more of a generic label. Thus, non-precision is the correct terminology for procedures that solely offer lateral guidance.