What is used to transition from instrument flight to visual flight during landing?

The transition from instrument flight to visual flight during landing is primarily facilitated by approach lights. These are specific lighting systems located near the runway that help pilots visually locate the runway during the final stages of the approach, particularly in conditions of reduced visibility or at night.

Approach lights are strategically positioned to provide guidance on the aircraft's alignment with the runway. As the aircraft descends, pilots use these lights as both a visual reference and an indication that they are on the correct glide path for landing. This visual cue helps the pilots shift their focus from reliance on instrument navigation to visual navigation, thus enabling a safe landing.

While runway markings also play a role in identifying the runway itself upon visual reference, they are less effective in guiding the transition from instrument to visual flight. Glide slope indicators provide critical data for vertical navigation but do not aid in the visual transition. Radar systems are useful for tracking and managing aircraft; however, they do not directly assist pilots with visual references during landing. Therefore, approach lights are the most relevant and effective means for transitioning to visual flight when landing.