For which type of approach is an IFR flight plan required and the pilot must have either the airport or preceding aircraft in sight?

A Visual Approach is the correct answer because it requires pilots to have either the airport or another aircraft ahead in sight during the approach phase. This type of approach allows pilots to transition from instrument flight rules (IFR) to visual flight rules (VFR) conditions, enabling them to navigate more freely and maintain situational awareness as they align themselves visually with the runway for landing.

While an IFR flight plan is required for a visual approach, it provides the necessary framework for the approach even though visual elements may take over for the latter part. The requirement for visual reference ensures that pilots can confirm their position and the active runway as they approach the airport, which enhances safety during the landing phase.