Area navigation based on performance requirements for aircraft operating along an ATS route is known as ____________.

The term that describes area navigation based on performance requirements for aircraft operating along an Air Traffic Service (ATS) route is Performance-Based Navigation (PBN). PBN is a framework that enables aircraft to use advanced navigation capabilities to fly more efficiently and safely by relying on specific performance criteria. This method of navigation allows pilots to follow predetermined flight paths with greater accuracy, using various navigation aids, including satellite-based systems.

PBN is essential for managing air traffic in today's crowded airspace, as it optimizes route planning, reduces fuel consumption, and enhances safety by allowing for more precise aircraft spacing and positioning. It also supports the implementation of more complex and environmentally friendly Flight Management Systems, which further improves navigation efficiency.

In contrast, while standard navigation and instrument navigation refer to traditional methods of guiding aircraft, they do not specifically focus on the performance requirements aspect that PBN emphasizes. Adaptive navigation, while relevant in certain contexts, doesn’t specifically address the systematic performance-based approach found in PBN. Therefore, the correct choice captures the essence of modern navigation practices that are aligned with regulatory and operational requirements for aircraft on ATS routes.